我有一个列表视图,每行有几个图像按钮。单击列表行时,将启动新活动。由于相机布局有问题,我不得不建立自己的标签。为结果启动的活动是地图。如果我单击我的按钮启动图像预览(从 SD 卡加载图像),应用程序将从活动返回到listview
活动,返回结果处理程序以重新启动我的新活动,这只是一个图像小部件。
列表视图上的图像预览正在使用光标和ListAdapter
。这使得它非常简单,但是我不确定如何放置一个已调整大小的图像(即,较小的位大小而非像素作为动态图像按钮的src
。所以我只是调整了从手机摄像头发出的图像。
问题是当我试图返回并重新启动第二个活动时,我收到内存不足错误。
这是更好的,因为我还需要对每行中的小部件 / 元素的属性进行一些更改,因为焦点问题我无法选择带触摸屏的行。 ( 我可以用滚球。 )
一旦我在列表视图上禁用了图像,它再次正常工作。
仅供参考:这就是我的做法:
String[] from = new String[] { DBHelper.KEY_BUSINESSNAME,DBHelper.KEY_ADDRESS,DBHelper.KEY_CITY,DBHelper.KEY_GPSLONG,DBHelper.KEY_GPSLAT,DBHelper.KEY_IMAGEFILENAME + ""};
int[] to = new int[] {R.id.businessname,R.id.address,R.id.city,R.id.gpslong,R.id.gpslat,R.id.imagefilename };
notes = new SimpleCursorAdapter(this, R.layout.notes_row, c, from, to);
setListAdapter(notes);
其中R.id.imagefilename
是ButtonImage
。
这是我的 LogCat:
01-25 05:05:49.877: ERROR/dalvikvm-heap(3896): 6291456-byte external allocation too large for this process.
01-25 05:05:49.877: ERROR/(3896): VM wont let us allocate 6291456 bytes
01-25 05:05:49.877: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): Uncaught handler: thread main exiting due to uncaught exception
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: bitmap size exceeds VM budget
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.nativeDecodeStream(Native Method)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeStream(BitmapFactory.java:304)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeFile(BitmapFactory.java:149)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeFile(BitmapFactory.java:174)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.graphics.drawable.Drawable.createFromPath(Drawable.java:729)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.widget.ImageView.resolveUri(ImageView.java:484)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.widget.ImageView.setImageURI(ImageView.java:281)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.widget.SimpleCursorAdapter.setViewImage(SimpleCursorAdapter.java:183)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.widget.SimpleCursorAdapter.bindView(SimpleCursorAdapter.java:129)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.widget.CursorAdapter.getView(CursorAdapter.java:150)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.widget.AbsListView.obtainView(AbsListView.java:1057)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.widget.ListView.makeAndAddView(ListView.java:1616)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.widget.ListView.fillSpecific(ListView.java:1177)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.widget.ListView.layoutChildren(ListView.java:1454)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.widget.AbsListView.onLayout(AbsListView.java:937)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.view.View.layout(View.java:5611)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.widget.LinearLayout.setChildFrame(LinearLayout.java:1119)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.widget.LinearLayout.layoutHorizontal(LinearLayout.java:1108)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.widget.LinearLayout.onLayout(LinearLayout.java:922)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.view.View.layout(View.java:5611)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.widget.FrameLayout.onLayout(FrameLayout.java:294)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.view.View.layout(View.java:5611)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.widget.LinearLayout.setChildFrame(LinearLayout.java:1119)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.widget.LinearLayout.layoutVertical(LinearLayout.java:999)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.widget.LinearLayout.onLayout(LinearLayout.java:920)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.view.View.layout(View.java:5611)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.widget.FrameLayout.onLayout(FrameLayout.java:294)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.view.View.layout(View.java:5611)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.view.ViewRoot.performTraversals(ViewRoot.java:771)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.view.ViewRoot.handleMessage(ViewRoot.java:1103)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:88)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:3742)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:515)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:739)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:497)
01-25 05:05:49.917: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3896): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
01-25 05:10:01.127: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(3943): ERROR: thread attach failed
显示图像时出现新错误:
01-25 22:13:18.594: DEBUG/skia(4204): xxxxxxxxxxx jpeg error 20 Improper call to JPEG library in state %d
01-25 22:13:18.604: INFO/System.out(4204): resolveUri failed on bad bitmap uri:
01-25 22:13:18.694: ERROR/dalvikvm-heap(4204): 6291456-byte external allocation too large for this process.
01-25 22:13:18.694: ERROR/(4204): VM won't let us allocate 6291456 bytes
01-25 22:13:18.694: DEBUG/skia(4204): xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx allocPixelRef failed
要修复 OutOfMemory 错误,您应该执行以下操作:
BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
options.inSampleSize = 8;
Bitmap preview_bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is, null, options);
此inSampleSize
选项可减少内存消耗。
这是一个完整的方法。首先,它读取图像大小而不解码内容本身。然后它找到最好的inSampleSize
值,它应该是 2 的幂,最后解码图像。
// Decodes image and scales it to reduce memory consumption
private Bitmap decodeFile(File f) {
try {
// Decode image size
BitmapFactory.Options o = new BitmapFactory.Options();
o.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new FileInputStream(f), null, o);
// The new size we want to scale to
final int REQUIRED_SIZE=70;
// Find the correct scale value. It should be the power of 2.
int scale = 1;
while(o.outWidth / scale / 2 >= REQUIRED_SIZE &&
o.outHeight / scale / 2 >= REQUIRED_SIZE) {
scale *= 2;
}
// Decode with inSampleSize
BitmapFactory.Options o2 = new BitmapFactory.Options();
o2.inSampleSize = scale;
return BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new FileInputStream(f), null, o2);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {}
return null;
}
Android Training类 “ 高效显示位图 ” 提供了一些很好的信息,用于理解和处理异常java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: bitmap size exceeds VM budget
加载位图时的java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: bitmap size exceeds VM budget
。
BitmapFactory
类提供了几种解码方法( decodeByteArray()
, decodeFile()
, decodeResource()
等),用于从各种源创建Bitmap
。根据图像数据源选择最合适的解码方法。这些方法尝试为构造的位图分配内存,因此很容易导致OutOfMemory
异常。每种类型的解码方法都有其他签名,可让您通过BitmapFactory.Options
类指定解码选项。解码时将inJustDecodeBounds
属性设置为true
可避免内存分配,为位图对象返回null
但设置outWidth
, outHeight
和outMimeType
。此技术允许您在构造(和内存分配)位图之前读取图像数据的尺寸和类型。
BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.id.myimage, options);
int imageHeight = options.outHeight;
int imageWidth = options.outWidth;
String imageType = options.outMimeType;
要避免java.lang.OutOfMemory
异常,请在解码之前检查位图的尺寸,除非您完全信任该源为您提供可预测大小的图像数据,这些数据可以轻松地放入可用内存中。
既然图像尺寸已知,它们可用于决定是否应将完整图像加载到内存中,或者是否应加载子采样版本。以下是需要考虑的一些因素:
例如,如果最终将在ImageView
中以 128x96 像素的缩略图显示,则不值得将 1024x768 像素图像加载到内存中。
要告诉解码器对图像进行子采样,将较小的版本加载到内存中,请在BitmapFactory.Options
对象中将inSampleSize
设置为true
。例如,使用inSampleSize
为 4 解码的分辨率为 2048x1536 的图像会产生大约 512x384 的位图。将其加载到内存中对于完整图像使用 0.75MB 而不是 12MB(假设ARGB_8888
的位图配置)。这是一种根据目标宽度和高度计算样本大小值的方法,该值为 2 的幂:
public static int calculateInSampleSize(
BitmapFactory.Options options, int reqWidth, int reqHeight) {
// Raw height and width of image
final int height = options.outHeight;
final int width = options.outWidth;
int inSampleSize = 1;
if (height > reqHeight || width > reqWidth) {
final int halfHeight = height / 2;
final int halfWidth = width / 2;
// Calculate the largest inSampleSize value that is a power of 2 and keeps both
// height and width larger than the requested height and width.
while ((halfHeight / inSampleSize) > reqHeight
&& (halfWidth / inSampleSize) > reqWidth) {
inSampleSize *= 2;
}
}
return inSampleSize;
}
注意 :计算两个幂的幂是因为解码器使用最终值,通过向下舍入到最接近的 2 的幂,根据
inSampleSize
文档。
要使用此方法,首先使用inJustDecodeBounds
设置为true
进行解码,传递选项然后使用新的inSampleSize
值再次解码,并将inJustDecodeBounds
设置为false
:
public static Bitmap decodeSampledBitmapFromResource(Resources res, int resId,
int reqWidth, int reqHeight) {
// First decode with inJustDecodeBounds=true to check dimensions
final BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
BitmapFactory.decodeResource(res, resId, options);
// Calculate inSampleSize
options.inSampleSize = calculateInSampleSize(options, reqWidth, reqHeight);
// Decode bitmap with inSampleSize set
options.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
return BitmapFactory.decodeResource(res, resId, options);
}
此方法可以轻松地将任意大尺寸的位图加载到显示 100x100 像素缩略图的ImageView
中,如以下示例代码所示:
mImageView.setImageBitmap(
decodeSampledBitmapFromResource(getResources(), R.id.myimage, 100, 100));
您可以按照类似的过程解码来自其他来源的位图,方法是根据需要替换相应的BitmapFactory.decode*
方法。
我对 Fedor 的代码做了一点改进。它基本上是一样的,但没有(在我看来)丑陋的 while 循环,它总是导致 2 的幂。感谢 Fedor 制作原始解决方案,我被困住直到找到了他,然后我才能做到这一点:)
private Bitmap decodeFile(File f){
Bitmap b = null;
//Decode image size
BitmapFactory.Options o = new BitmapFactory.Options();
o.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(f);
BitmapFactory.decodeStream(fis, null, o);
fis.close();
int scale = 1;
if (o.outHeight > IMAGE_MAX_SIZE || o.outWidth > IMAGE_MAX_SIZE) {
scale = (int)Math.pow(2, (int) Math.ceil(Math.log(IMAGE_MAX_SIZE /
(double) Math.max(o.outHeight, o.outWidth)) / Math.log(0.5)));
}
//Decode with inSampleSize
BitmapFactory.Options o2 = new BitmapFactory.Options();
o2.inSampleSize = scale;
fis = new FileInputStream(f);
b = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(fis, null, o2);
fis.close();
return b;
}