在 javascript 中实现数组交集的最简单,无库代码是什么?我想写
intersection([1,2,3], [2,3,4,5])
并得到
[2, 3]
结合使用Array.prototype.filter
和Array.prototype.includes
:
const filteredArray = array1.filter(value => array2.includes(value));
对于较旧的浏览器,使用Array.prototype.indexOf
且不带箭头功能:
var filteredArray = array1.filter(function(n) {
return array2.indexOf(n) !== -1;
});
注意! .includes
和.indexOf
都===
在内部比较数组中的元素,因此,如果数组包含对象,则它将仅比较对象引用(而不是它们的内容)。如果要指定自己的比较逻辑,请改用.some
。
破坏性似乎最简单,特别是如果我们可以假设输入已排序:
/* destructively finds the intersection of
* two arrays in a simple fashion.
*
* PARAMS
* a - first array, must already be sorted
* b - second array, must already be sorted
*
* NOTES
* State of input arrays is undefined when
* the function returns. They should be
* (prolly) be dumped.
*
* Should have O(n) operations, where n is
* n = MIN(a.length, b.length)
*/
function intersection_destructive(a, b)
{
var result = [];
while( a.length > 0 && b.length > 0 )
{
if (a[0] < b[0] ){ a.shift(); }
else if (a[0] > b[0] ){ b.shift(); }
else /* they're equal */
{
result.push(a.shift());
b.shift();
}
}
return result;
}
由于我们必须跟踪索引,因此非破坏性的头发必须更加复杂。
/* finds the intersection of
* two arrays in a simple fashion.
*
* PARAMS
* a - first array, must already be sorted
* b - second array, must already be sorted
*
* NOTES
*
* Should have O(n) operations, where n is
* n = MIN(a.length(), b.length())
*/
function intersect_safe(a, b)
{
var ai=0, bi=0;
var result = [];
while( ai < a.length && bi < b.length )
{
if (a[ai] < b[bi] ){ ai++; }
else if (a[ai] > b[bi] ){ bi++; }
else /* they're equal */
{
result.push(a[ai]);
ai++;
bi++;
}
}
return result;
}
如果您的环境支持ECMAScript 6 Set ,那么一种简单且据认为有效的方式(请参阅规范链接):
function intersect(a, b) {
var setA = new Set(a);
var setB = new Set(b);
var intersection = new Set([...setA].filter(x => setB.has(x)));
return Array.from(intersection);
}
较短,但可读性较差(也没有创建其他交集Set
):
function intersect(a, b) {
var setB = new Set(b);
return [...new Set(a)].filter(x => setB.has(x));
}
请注意,使用集时,您只会获得不同的值,因此new Set([1, 2, 3, 3]).size
计算结果为3
。