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JavaScript 中数组交集的最简单代码

在 javascript 中实现数组交集的最简单,无库代码是什么?我想写

intersection([1,2,3], [2,3,4,5])

并得到

[2, 3]

答案

结合使用Array.prototype.filterArray.prototype.includes

const filteredArray = array1.filter(value => array2.includes(value));

对于较旧的浏览器,使用Array.prototype.indexOf且不带箭头功能:

var filteredArray = array1.filter(function(n) {
    return array2.indexOf(n) !== -1;
});

注意! .includes.indexOf===在内部比较数组中的元素,因此,如果数组包含对象,则它将仅比较对象引用(而不是它们的内容)。如果要指定自己的比较逻辑,请改用.some

破坏性似乎最简单,特别是如果我们可以假设输入已排序:

/* destructively finds the intersection of 
 * two arrays in a simple fashion.  
 *
 * PARAMS
 *  a - first array, must already be sorted
 *  b - second array, must already be sorted
 *
 * NOTES
 *  State of input arrays is undefined when
 *  the function returns.  They should be 
 *  (prolly) be dumped.
 *
 *  Should have O(n) operations, where n is 
 *    n = MIN(a.length, b.length)
 */
function intersection_destructive(a, b)
{
  var result = [];
  while( a.length > 0 && b.length > 0 )
  {  
     if      (a[0] < b[0] ){ a.shift(); }
     else if (a[0] > b[0] ){ b.shift(); }
     else /* they're equal */
     {
       result.push(a.shift());
       b.shift();
     }
  }

  return result;
}

由于我们必须跟踪索引,因此非破坏性的头发必须更加复杂。

/* finds the intersection of 
 * two arrays in a simple fashion.  
 *
 * PARAMS
 *  a - first array, must already be sorted
 *  b - second array, must already be sorted
 *
 * NOTES
 *
 *  Should have O(n) operations, where n is 
 *    n = MIN(a.length(), b.length())
 */
function intersect_safe(a, b)
{
  var ai=0, bi=0;
  var result = [];

  while( ai < a.length && bi < b.length )
  {
     if      (a[ai] < b[bi] ){ ai++; }
     else if (a[ai] > b[bi] ){ bi++; }
     else /* they're equal */
     {
       result.push(a[ai]);
       ai++;
       bi++;
     }
  }

  return result;
}

如果您的环境支持ECMAScript 6 Set ,那么一种简单且据认为有效的方式(请参阅规范链接):

function intersect(a, b) {
  var setA = new Set(a);
  var setB = new Set(b);
  var intersection = new Set([...setA].filter(x => setB.has(x)));
  return Array.from(intersection);
}

较短,但可读性较差(也没有创建其他交集Set ):

function intersect(a, b) {
  var setB = new Set(b);
  return [...new Set(a)].filter(x => setB.has(x));
}

请注意,使用集时,您只会获得不同的值,因此new Set([1, 2, 3, 3]).size计算结果为3