如何扩展输出显示以查看 pandas DataFrame 的更多列？
有没有一种方法可以扩大交互式或脚本执行模式下的输出显示？
具体来说，我在熊猫DataFrame describe()函数。当DataFrame为 5 列（标签）时，我得到了所需的描述性统计信息。但是，如果DataFrame有更多列，则统计信息将被抑制，并返回如下所示的内容：
>> Index: 8 entries, count to max
>> Data columns:
>> x1 8 non-null values
>> x2 8 non-null values
>> x3 8 non-null values
>> x4 8 non-null values
>> x5 8 non-null values
>> x6 8 non-null values
>> x7 8 non-null values无论是 6 列还是 7 列，都将给出 “8” 值。 “8” 是什么意思？
我已经尝试过将 IDLE 窗口拖动更大，并增加 “Configure IDLE” 宽度选项，但无济于事。
我使用 pandas 和describe()是避免使用诸如 Stata 之类的第二个程序来进行基本的数据操作和调查。
答案
更新：熊猫 0.23.4 起
pd.options.display.width = 0 ，pandas 会自动检测终端窗口的大小。 （对于较旧的版本，请参见底部。）
不推荐使用pandas.set_printoptions(...)而是使用pandas.set_option(optname, val)或等效的pd.options.<opt.hierarchical.name> = val 。喜欢：
import pandas as pd
pd.set_option('display.max_rows', 500)
pd.set_option('display.max_columns', 500)
pd.set_option('display.width', 1000)set_option(pat,value) - Sets the value of the specified option
Available options:
display.[chop_threshold, colheader_justify, column_space, date_dayfirst,
date_yearfirst, encoding, expand_frame_repr, float_format, height,
line_width, max_columns, max_colwidth, max_info_columns, max_info_rows,
max_rows, max_seq_items, mpl_style, multi_sparse, notebook_repr_html,
pprint_nest_depth, precision, width]
mode.[sim_interactive, use_inf_as_null]
Parameters
----------
pat - str/regexp which should match a single option.
Note: partial matches are supported for convenience, but unless you use the
full option name (e.g. x.y.z.option_name), your code may break in future
versions if new options with similar names are introduced.
value - new value of option.
Returns
-------
None
Raises
------
KeyError if no such option exists
display.chop_threshold: [default: None] [currently: None]
: float or None
if set to a float value, all float values smaller then the given threshold
will be displayed as exactly 0 by repr and friends.
display.colheader_justify: [default: right] [currently: right]
: 'left'/'right'
Controls the justification of column headers. used by DataFrameFormatter.
display.column_space: [default: 12] [currently: 12]No description available.
display.date_dayfirst: [default: False] [currently: False]
: boolean
When True, prints and parses dates with the day first, eg 20/01/2005
display.date_yearfirst: [default: False] [currently: False]
: boolean
When True, prints and parses dates with the year first, eg 2005/01/20
display.encoding: [default: UTF-8] [currently: UTF-8]
: str/unicode
Defaults to the detected encoding of the console.
Specifies the encoding to be used for strings returned by to_string,
these are generally strings meant to be displayed on the console.
display.expand_frame_repr: [default: True] [currently: True]
: boolean
Whether to print out the full DataFrame repr for wide DataFrames
across multiple lines, `max_columns` is still respected, but the output will
wrap-around across multiple "pages" if it's width exceeds `display.width`.
display.float_format: [default: None] [currently: None]
: callable
The callable should accept a floating point number and return
a string with the desired format of the number. This is used
in some places like SeriesFormatter.
See core.format.EngFormatter for an example.
display.height: [default: 60] [currently: 1000]
: int
Deprecated.
(Deprecated, use `display.height` instead.)
display.line_width: [default: 80] [currently: 1000]
: int
Deprecated.
(Deprecated, use `display.width` instead.)
display.max_columns: [default: 20] [currently: 500]
: int
max_rows and max_columns are used in __repr__() methods to decide if
to_string() or info() is used to render an object to a string. In case
python/IPython is running in a terminal this can be set to 0 and pandas
will correctly auto-detect the width the terminal and swap to a smaller
format in case all columns would not fit vertically. The IPython notebook,
IPython qtconsole, or IDLE do not run in a terminal and hence it is not
possible to do correct auto-detection.
'None' value means unlimited.
display.max_colwidth: [default: 50] [currently: 50]
: int
The maximum width in characters of a column in the repr of
a pandas data structure. When the column overflows, a "..."
placeholder is embedded in the output.
display.max_info_columns: [default: 100] [currently: 100]
: int
max_info_columns is used in DataFrame.info method to decide if
per column information will be printed.
display.max_info_rows: [default: 1690785] [currently: 1690785]
: int or None
max_info_rows is the maximum number of rows for which a frame will
perform a null check on its columns when repr'ing To a console.
The default is 1,000,000 rows. So, if a DataFrame has more
1,000,000 rows there will be no null check performed on the
columns and thus the representation will take much less time to
display in an interactive session. A value of None means always
perform a null check when repr'ing.
display.max_rows: [default: 60] [currently: 500]
: int
This sets the maximum number of rows pandas should output when printing
out various output. For example, this value determines whether the repr()
for a dataframe prints out fully or just a summary repr.
'None' value means unlimited.
display.max_seq_items: [default: None] [currently: None]
: int or None
when pretty-printing a long sequence, no more then `max_seq_items`
will be printed. If items are ommitted, they will be denoted by the addition
of "..." to the resulting string.
If set to None, the number of items to be printed is unlimited.
display.mpl_style: [default: None] [currently: None]
: bool
Setting this to 'default' will modify the rcParams used by matplotlib
to give plots a more pleasing visual style by default.
Setting this to None/False restores the values to their initial value.
display.multi_sparse: [default: True] [currently: True]
: boolean
"sparsify" MultiIndex display (don't display repeated
elements in outer levels within groups)
display.notebook_repr_html: [default: True] [currently: True]
: boolean
When True, IPython notebook will use html representation for
pandas objects (if it is available).
display.pprint_nest_depth: [default: 3] [currently: 3]
: int
Controls the number of nested levels to process when pretty-printing
display.precision: [default: 7] [currently: 7]
: int
Floating point output precision (number of significant digits). This is
only a suggestion
display.width: [default: 80] [currently: 1000]
: int
Width of the display in characters. In case python/IPython is running in
a terminal this can be set to None and pandas will correctly auto-detect the
width.
Note that the IPython notebook, IPython qtconsole, or IDLE do not run in a
terminal and hence it is not possible to correctly detect the width.
mode.sim_interactive: [default: False] [currently: False]
: boolean
Whether to simulate interactive mode for purposes of testing
mode.use_inf_as_null: [default: False] [currently: False]
: boolean
True means treat None, NaN, INF, -INF as null (old way),
False means None and NaN are null, but INF, -INF are not null
(new way).
Call def: pd.set_option(self, *args, **kwds)编辑：较旧的版本信息，其中许多已被弃用。
如 @bmu所述，pandas 自动检测（默认情况下）显示区域的大小，当对象代表不适合显示时，将使用摘要视图。您提到了调整 “IDLE” 窗口的大小，但没有任何效果。如果您确实print df.describe().to_string()是否适合 IDLE 窗口？
终端大小由pandas.util.terminal.get_terminal_size()确定（已弃用和移除），这将返回一个包含显示内容(width, height)的元组。输出是否与您的 IDLE 窗口的大小匹配？可能存在问题（在 emacs 中运行终端之前有一个问题）。
请注意，可以绕过自动检测，如果行数，列数不超过给定的限制pandas.set_printoptions(max_rows=200, max_columns=10)
“max_colwidth” 选项有助于查看每列的截断形式。
试试这个：
pd.set_option('display.expand_frame_repr', False)从文档中：
display.expand_frame_repr：布尔值
是否跨行打印宽数据帧的完整 DataFrame repr，仍会考虑使用 max_columns，但是如果宽度超过 display.width，则输出将绕过多个 “页面”。 [默认：True] [当前：True]
请参阅： http://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/generated/pandas.set_option.html
如果要临时设置选项以显示一个大的 DataFrame，则可以使用option_context ：
with pd.option_context('display.max_rows', None, 'display.max_columns', None):
print (df)with块时，选项值将自动恢复。